The 2025 tax-and-spending law
Trump and Republicans gave the richest tenth a raise — paid for with health care, groceries, and $3.4 trillion in new debt.
- Who acted
- Trump signed it on July 4, 2025. Republicans in Congress passed it.
- Who gained
- The richest tenth gains about $13,600 a year from the tax provisions, according to CBO.
- What working people pay
- The law cuts $840 billion from Medicaid and nearly $300 billion from food assistance. The poorest tenth loses about $1,200 a year.
- The connection
- The cuts cover part of the tax law. The rest goes onto the debt: $3.4 trillion over ten years.
Receipt: CBO’s final enacted-law score and distribution table
On July 4, 2025, Trump signed a law making the 2017 individual cuts permanent and adding more — $3.4 trillion in new deficits over ten years, by the government's own score.
Republicans covered part of it by cutting $840 billion from Medicaid and nearly $300 billion from food assistance — the deepest cuts in each program's history — while 10 million more people end up uninsured by 2034.
The result, straight from CBO's table: the poorest tenth of households loses about $1,200 a year. The richest tenth gains $13,600 — CBO's tax-law-alone score, a larger figure than the $7,900 combined law-and-tariffs number in the homepage chart.
Trump signed it. Republicans passed it. CBO shows the poorest tenth paying while the richest tenth gets a $13,600-a-year raise.
